Military facilities, including training grounds, are distributed throughout the forests of the borderlands. Areas that have been disturbed by military activities are susceptible to the proliferation of alien plant species. In the absence of appropriate forest restoration measures, there is a risk of disrupting the surrounding diverse and intact forest ecosystem. A study was conducted in which the natural forests in the vicinity of abandoned military areas in Paju and Yeoncheon were extracted by vegetation type and analysed for their vegetation structure. Within a 1km radius of each abandoned military area, 30 investigation plots were set up to conduct environmental factor and vegetation surveys. As a result of the surveys, the Paju area was classified into three distinct communities. The vegetation was classified into the following communities: Quercus aliena community, Quercus acutissima-Castanea crenata community, and Quercus mongolica community. In the Yeoncheon area, the vegetation was classified into the following six communities: Quercus mongolica-Quercus variabilis community, Quercus mongolica community, Pinus densiflora-Quercus mongolica community, Pinus densiflora community, Quercus dentata-Quercus aliena community, and Quercus variabilis community. In the Paju and Yeoncheon areas, the vegetation was dominated by Quercus mongolica in the majority of the survey areas. In the Paju area, the species diversity was the highest in the Quercus aliena community, and the total nitrogen, available phosphorus, nutrients, and cation exchange capacity were the highest. In the Yeoncheon area, the species diversity was the highest in the Quercus mongolica-Quercus variabilis community, and no trends by community were found in soil physicochemical characteristics other than available phosphorus. The data on the characteristics of vegetation distribution will form the basis of a database that can be used directly for the restoration process.